Table of Contents

SECTION I RADIATION EFFECTS

1 Biologic Effects of Diagnostic Radiation on Children

2 Acute and Late Biologic Effects of Radiation Therapy in the Management of Childhood Cancer

SECTION II PRENATAL AND NEONATAL IMAGING

Part 1 Overview

3 Overview

Part 2 Prenatal And Neonatal Airway

4 Anatomy, Embryology, and Physiology of the Airway

5 Prenatal Diagnosis and Treatment of the Face, Neck, and Airway

6 Congenital Anomalies and Acquired Lesions of the Neonatal Airway

Part 3 Fetal And Neonatal Lung And Thorax

7 Anatomy, Embryology, and Physiology

8 Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy of Chest Anomalies

9 Congenital and Acquired Lesions (Most Causing Respiratory Distress) of the Neonatal Lung and Thorax

10 Tumors, Tumor-like Conditions (Masses), and Miscellaneous Lesions

Part 4 Prenatal And Neonatal Abdominal, Pelvic, And Retroperitoneal Imaging

11 Embryology, Anatomy, and Physiology of the Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Tracts

12 Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy of Abdominal, Pelvic, and Retroperitoneal Abnormalities

13 Indications and Techniques for Neonatal Abdominal Imaging

14 Congenital Anomalies of the Gastrointestinal Tract

15 Congenital and Acquired Abnormalities of the Liver and Biliary System

16 Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions of the Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Biliary System

17 Necrotizing Enterocolitis

18 Miscellaneous Conditions of the Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Systems

19 The Dilated Urinary Tract

20 Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions of the Urinary Tract

21 Vascular Diseases of the Kidneys

22 Urinary Tract Infection

23 Miscellaneous Urinary Tract Disorders

24 The Adrenal Gland

25 The Genital Tract

Part 5 Prenatal And Neonatal Diseases Of The Heart And Great Vessels

26 Embryology, Physiology, and Anatomy of the Fetal Heart

27 Prenatal Diagnosis and Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease

28 Neonatal Congenital Heart Disease Requiring Intervention in the First 28 Days

Part 6 Prenatal And Neonatal Central Nervous System Diseases

29 Embryology and Anatomy of the Central Nervous System

30 Prenatal Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Anomalies

31 Neonatal Brain Imaging

32 Embryology, Anatomy, and Physiology of the Spine

33 Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy of Fetal Spine Anomalies

34 Ultrasonography of the Neonatal Spinal Canal

SECTION III NEURORADIOLOGY

Part 1 Overview

35 Overview

Part 2 The Skull

36 Anatomy of the Skull

37 Craniosynostosis, Selected Craniofacial Syndromes, and Other Abnormalities of the Skull

38 Traumatic Lesions of the Skull

39 Infections of the Calvaria

40 Neoplasms and Neoplasm-like Lesions of the Skull

Part 3 The Face and Cranial Structures

41 The Orbit

42 The Nose

43 The Sinuses

44 Temporal Bone and Ear

45 The Mandible

Part 4 The Brain

46 Introduction

47 Imaging Modalities

48 Congenital Abnormalities

49 Inherited Metabolic and Neurodegenerative Brain Disorders

50 Pediatric Head Trauma

51 Brain Infections

52 Intracranial Neoplasms

53 Intracranial Vascular Abnormalities

54 Stroke

55 Hydrocephalus

Part 5 The Vertebrae

56 The Normal Vertebrae

57 Congenital Malformations

58 Vertebral Trauma

59 Infections of the Vertebrae and Disk Spaces

60 Neoplasms of the Vertebrae

61 Miscellaneous Spinal Disorders

Part 6 Spinal Cord

62 Imaging Modalities

63 Congenital Abnormalities of the Pediatric Spine

64 Trauma

65 Spinal Cord Infections

66 Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions

67 Vascular Lesions

SECTION IV THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Part 1 Overview

68 Overview

Part 2 The Neck

69 Neck and Upper Airway

Part 3 The Airway

70 Larynx and Cervical Trachea

Part 4 The Lungs

71 Normal Lung and Clinical Anatomy

72 Congenital Lung Malformations

73 Diseases of the Bronchi and Pulmonary Aeration

74 Interstitial Lung Disease

75 Pneumonia and Pulmonary Infection

76 Immune Disorders

77 Systemic Diseases and Other Miscellaneous Conditions with Lung Involvement

78 Lung Masses

Part 5 The Mediastinum

79 Mediastinum

Part 6 The Chest Wall, Pleura, And Diaphragm

80 Chest Wall

81 Pleura

82 Diaphragm

SECTION V THE HEART AND GREAT VESSELS

Part 1 Introduction

83 The Heart and Great Vessels: Overview

84 Chest Radiography in Pediatric Cardiovascular Disease

85 Pediatric Cardiothoracic CT Angiography

86 Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Congenital Heart Disease

87 Echocardiography

88 Nuclear Cardiology

89 Introductory Cardiac Embryology

Part 2 Congenital Heart Disease

90 Systemic to Pulmonary Arterial Shunts

91 Right Heart Lesions

92 Left Heart Lesions

93 Abnormalities of the Great Artery Origins

94 Congenital Great Vessel Abnormalities

95 Syndromes and Chromosomal Anomalies

Part 3 Acquired Cardiovascular Disease

96 Myocardial and Valvular Diseases

97 Pericardial Disease

98 Coronary Artery Disease in Children

99 Acquired Great Vessel Abnormalities

100 Cardiac Involvement by Systemic Diseases

101 Cardiac Tumors

Part 4 Interventional Procedures

102 Pediatric Electrophysiology

103 Surgical Considerations for Congenital Heart Defects

104 Introduction to Cardiovascular Catheterization for Congenital Abnormalities

SECTION VI THE ABDOMEN, PELVIS, AND RETROPERITONEUM

Part 1 Overview

105 Overview

Part 2 Imaging Techniques

106 Gastrointestinal Tract

107 Genitourinary Diagnostic Procedures

108 Oncology: Imaging Gastrointestinal and Genitourinary Tumors

Part 3 Abdominal Wall and Peritoneal Cavity

109 Abdominal Wall and Its Abnormalities

110 The Peritoneal Cavity

Part 4 Hepatobiliary System

111 Introduction to the Hepatobiliary System

112 Congenital Abnormalities

113 Infections of the Liver

114 Diffuse Parenchymal Disease

115 Vascular Abnormalities of the Liver

116 Acquired Biliary Tract Disease

117 Hepatic Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions

118 Liver Transplantation in Children

Part 5 The Spleen

119 The Spleen

Part 6 The Pancreas

120 The Pancreas

Part 7 The Esophagus

121 The Normal Esophagus

122 Congenital Esophageal Malformations

123 Disorders of Deglutition, Peristalsis, and the Velopharyngeal Portal

124 Acquired Esophageal Lesions

125 Disorders of the Esophagogastric Junction

126 Miscellaneous Esophageal Abnormalities

Part 8 The Stomach

127 The Stomach: Normal Anatomy and Imaging Techniques

128 Congenital Gastric Abnormalities

129 Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

130 Gastritis, Gastropathy, and Ulcer Disease

131 Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions, Bezoars, and Varices

Part 9 The Duodenum And Small Intestine

132 The Duodenum and Small Intestine: Normal Anatomy and Imaging Techniques

133 Duodenum: Congenital Anomalies

134 Duodenum: Acquired Obstruction

135 Duodenum: Inflammatory Conditions

136 Duodenum: Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions

137 Small Intestine

138 Small Intestine: Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions

Part 10 The Colon

139 Normal Anatomy and Congenital Disorders

140 Functional Disorders

141 Intussusception

142 Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases

143 Colon Tumors and Tumor-like Conditions

Part 11 The Adrenal And Retroperitoneum

144 The Adrenal and Retroperitoneum

Part 12 The Kidney

145 Normal Renal Anatomy, Variants, and Congenital Anomalies

146 Infections

147 Urolithiasis and Nephrocalcinosis

148 Renal Neoplasms

149 Renal Failure and Transplantation

150 Renal Vascular Disorders

Part 13 Lower Urinary Tract

151 The Ureter and Vesicoureteral Reflux

Part 14 The Bladder and Urethra

152 The Bladder and Urethra

Part 15 The Reproductive Organs

153 Anomalies of Sex Differentiation

154 Abnormalities of the Male Genital Tract

155 Abnormalities of the Female Genital Tract

156 Abnormalities of Puberty and Amenorrhea

Part 16 Abdominal Trauma

157 Abdominal Trauma

SECTION VII MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

Part 1 Overview of Musculoskeletal Imaging

158 Overview

Part 2 Imaging of the Soft Tissues

159 The Soft Tissues

160 Soft Tissue Neoplasms

161 Vascular Anomalies of the Soft Tissues

Part 3 Normal Anatomy

162 Normal Anatomy, Growth, and Development

163 Anatomic Variants

Part 4 Congenital Malformations

164 Congenital Malformations of Bone

165 Skeletal Dysplasias

166 Selected Syndromes and Chromosomal Disorders

Part 5 Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders

167 Metabolic Bone Disease

168 Endocrine Disorders

169 Bone Mineral Density Assessment

Part 6 trauma

170 Skeletal Trauma

171 Child Abuse

172 Sports-Related Injury in Children

Part 7 Osteochondrosis

173 Osteochondroses

Part 8 Disorders in Alignment

174 Alignment Disorders

Part 9 Infections

175 Infections in Bone

Part 10 Bone Tumors

176 Benign and Malignant Bone Tumors

Part 11 Bone Marrow

177 Imaging of Normal and Abnormal Bone Marrow

Part 12 Bone Changes in Diseases of Blood

178 Bone Changes in Hematologic Diseases

Part 13 The Joints

179 The Joints

180 Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

SECTION VIII PEDIATRIC INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY

Part 1 Patient Management

181 Patient Management

Part 2 Respiratory

182 Empyema and Thoracic Abscess Drainage

183 Bronchial Artery Embolization

Part 3 Neuroradiology

184 Neurologic Interventions

Part 4 Heart, Great Vessels, and Vascular Access

185 Pediatric Vascular Procedures: Arterial and Venous

186 Vascular Anomalies in Children

187 Vasculitis in Children and Adolescents

Part 5 Abdomen and Gastrointestinal Tract

188 Image-Guided Biopsy in Pediatric Patients

189 Gastrostomies and Gastrojejunostomies in Children

190 Drainage of Infected Abdominal Fluid Collections

191 Interventional Radiology of the Liver and Biliary System

Part 6 Urinary Tract and Retroperitoneum

192 Pediatric Genitourinary Intervention

193 Interventional Radiology of Renovascular Hypertension

Part 7 Musculoskeletal

194 Pediatric Musculoskeletal Interventional Procedures